Natural gas: carbon footprint per kWh (gross CV)

Live factor value

0.18442 kgCO2e per kWh (gross CV)

Source: UK DESNZ greenhouse-gas conversion factors, 2026 (revision 2). Factor set desnz-2026-r2.

Burning mains natural gas releases a fixed amount of CO2e per kWh of energy — the official UK factor is published in the DESNZ 2026 conversion factors and shown below per kWh on a gross calorific value basis, the same basis your gas bill uses. That makes a gas bill the most accurate input for measuring home heating emissions.

Unlike electricity, the gas factor barely moves year to year: it is chemistry, not grid mix. For most UK homes with gas central heating, gas is the single largest source of household emissions — typically two to three times the electricity footprint.

Worked example

A typical UK household's annual gas use (~11,500 kWh): 11,500 × 0.18442 = 2,121 kgCO2e.

Measure your own with the free home energy calculator.

Frequently asked questions

Is the gas factor per kWh the same as on my bill?
Yes — the factor is published per kWh gross calorific value, the billing basis UK suppliers use, so you can multiply the kWh on your bill directly.
Why doesn't the gas factor fall like the electricity factor?
Because it measures the combustion of the fuel itself, which is fixed chemistry. Electricity's factor falls as the generation mix decarbonises; gas emissions per kWh stay essentially constant.

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